Type EN 590 10 PPM is the European standard for diesel fuel, and “10 PPM” refers to the maximum sulphur content in the fuel that is 10 parts per million (ppm) or less. This type of fuel, also called ULSD (Ultra Low Sulfur Diesel), is required to reduce emissions and air pollution so that diesel engines can operate more efficiently and with lower particulate and nitrogen oxide emissions. EN590: This is the European standard that defines the specifications for diesel fuel for road vehicles and other vehicles. This standard defines various parameters, including the composition, physical and chemical properties of the fuel. 10 PPM: indicates the maximum permissible value for the sulphur content in diesel fuel according to the EN590 standard. The term “PPM” stands for “parts per million”, a unit of measurement for concentrations.

Benefits of low sulphur content: Reducing the sulphur content in diesel fuel is key to reducing pollutant emissions such as particulates and nitrogen oxides, which contribute to air pollution and health problems.

Applications: EN590 10 PPM diesel fuel is widely used in modern diesel engines, including cars, trucks, buses and heavy machinery.

EN 590 diesel fuel is formulated differently for winter and summer to ensure the correct performance under different temperature conditions. The main differences between the winter and summer grades of EN 590 diesel are in the cold flow properties. Here is a detailed explanation:

Winter diesel EN 590

Winter diesel is designed to remain liquid and functional even at lower temperatures. The most important properties and modifications include

1. Cold flow additives:
   • These additives are intended to prevent the formation of wax crystals, which can clog fuel filters and lines.
   • Common additives include pour point depressants and anti-gel agents.

2. Lower cloud point and pour point:

1. • The cloud point (temperature at which wax crystals begin to form) and the pour point (temperature at which the fuel no longer flows) are lowered.
   • This is achieved by mixing in lighter components and additives.

3. Cetane number:

1. • The cetane number can be adjusted to ensure good combustion properties at lower temperatures.

4. Cold Filter Plugging Point (CFPP):

1. • The CFPP is a critical parameter that indicates the lowest temperature at which the diesel fuel can pass through a standardized filtration device.
   • Winter diesel has a lower CFPP compared to summer diesel, so it remains filterable in cold weather.

Summer diesel type EN 590

Summer diesel is formulated for use in warmer temperatures. The most important features include:

1. Higher cloud point and pour point:
   • The cloud point and pour point are higher, as the risk of wax formation is lower at warmer temperatures.
   • This enables a broader spectrum of hydrocarbons in the mixture and improves the energy content and fuel consumption.

2. No need for cold flow additives:

1. • Since low temperatures are not a problem, cold flow additives are generally not required.
   • This reduces the costs and complexity of the formulation.

3. Optimal viscosity:

1. • Summer diesel is optimized for higher ambient temperatures and ensures good lubrication and injection performance.

Comparison of key parameters

In the following, the typical parameters of winter and summer diesel fuels according to EN 590 are compared side by side:

B7 – B10:

For diesel from fossil sources, a distinction is also made between B7 and B10 , i.e. the proportion of biodiesel in the diesel. B7 stands for diesel with 7 % biodiesel and B10 for diesel with 10 % biodiesel.